Actual CCST-Networking Exam Recently Updated Questions with Free Demo
Free Cisco CCST-Networking Exam Questions Self-Assess Preparation
NEW QUESTION # 23
During the data encapsulation process, which OSI layer adds a header that contains MAC addressing information and a trailer used for error checking?
- A. Network
- B. Session
- C. Transport
- D. Data Link
Answer: D
NEW QUESTION # 24
During the data encapsulation process, which OSI layer adds a header that contains MAC addressing information and a trailer used for error checking?
- A. Network
- B. Session
- C. Transport
- D. Data Link
Answer: D
Explanation:
OSI model
During the data encapsulation process, theData Link layerof the OSI model is responsible for adding a header that contains MAC addressing information and a trailer used for error checking.The header typically includes the source and destination MAC addresses, while the trailer contains a Frame Check Sequence (FCS) which is used for error detection1.
The Data Link layer ensures that messages are delivered to the proper device on a LAN using hardware addresses and translates messages from the Network layer into bits for the Physical layer to transmit. It also controls how data is placed onto the medium and is received from the medium through the physical hardware.
References:=
* The OSI Model - The 7 Layers of Networking Explained in Plain English
* OSI Model - Network Direction
* Which layer adds both header and trailer to the data?
* What is OSI Model | 7 Layers Explained - GeeksforGeeks
NEW QUESTION # 25
Which two statements are true about the IPv4 address of the default gateway configured on a host? (Choose 2.) Note: You will receive partial credit for each correct selection.
- A. The default gateway is the Loopback0 interface IPv4 address of the router connected to the same local network as the host.
- B. The same default gateway IPv4 address is configured on each host on the local network.
- C. The IPv4 address of the default gateway must be the first host address in the subnet.
- D. The default gateway is the IPv4 address of the router interface connected to the same local network as the host.
- E. Hosts learn the default gateway IPv4 address through router advertisement messages.
Answer: B,D
Explanation:
*Statement B: "The same default gateway IPv4 address is configured on each host on the local network." This is true because all hosts on the same local network (subnet) use the same default gateway IP address to send packets destined for other networks.
*Statement D: "The default gateway is the IPv4 address of the router interface connected to the same local network as the host." This is true because the default gateway is the IP address of the router's interface that is directly connected to the local network.
*Statement A: "The IPv4 address of the default gateway must be the first host address in the subnet." This is not necessarily true. The default gateway can be any address within the subnet range.
*Statement C: "The default gateway is the Loopback0 interface IPv4 address of the router connected to the same local network as the host." This is not true; the default gateway is the IP address of the router's physical or logical interface connected to the local network.
*Statement E: "Hosts learn the default gateway IPv4 address through router advertisement messages." This is generally true for IPv6 with Router Advertisement (RA) messages, but not typically how IPv4 hosts learn the default gateway address.
References:
*Cisco Default Gateway Configuration: Cisco Default Gateway
NEW QUESTION # 26
You want to store files that will be accessible by every user on your network.
Which endpoint device do you need?
- A. Switch
- B. Access point
- C. Hub
- D. Server
Answer: D
Explanation:
To store files that will be accessible by every user on a network, you would need aserver. A server is a computer system that provides data to other computers. It can serve data to systems on a local network (LAN) or a wide network (WAN) over the internet.In this context, a file server would be set up to store and manage files, allowing users on the network to access them from their own devices1.
References:=
* What is a Server?
* Understanding Servers and Their Functions
A server is a computer designed to process requests and deliver data to other computers over a local network or the internet. In this case, to store files that will be accessible by every user on the network, a file server is the appropriate endpoint device. It provides a centralized location for storing and managing files, allowing users to access and share files easily.
* A. Access point: Provides wireless connectivity to a network.
* C. Hub: A basic networking device that connects multiple Ethernet devices together, making them act as a single network segment.
* D. Switch: A networking device that connects devices on a computer network by using packet switching to forward data to the destination device.
Thus, the correct answer is B. Server.
References:=
* File Server Overview (Cisco)
* Server Roles in Networking (Cisco)
NEW QUESTION # 27
Which two pieces of information should you include when you initially create a support ticket? (Choose 2.)
- A. The description of the top-down fault-finding procedure
- B. A description of the conditions when the fault occurs
- C. A detailed description of the fault
- D. The actions taken to resolve the fault
- E. Details about the computers connected to the network
Answer: B,C
Explanation:
* Statement A: "A detailed description of the fault." This is essential for support staff to understand the nature of the problem and begin troubleshooting effectively.
* Statement C: "A description of the conditions when the fault occurs." This helps in reproducing the issue and identifying patterns that might indicate the cause of the fault.
* Statement B: "Details about the computers connected to the network." While useful, this is not as immediately critical as understanding the fault itself and the conditions under which it occurs.
* Statement D: "The actions taken to resolve the fault." This is important but typically follows the initial report.
* Statement E: "The description of the top-down fault-finding procedure." This is more of a troubleshooting methodology than information typically included in an initial support ticket.
References:
* Best Practices for Submitting Support Tickets: Support Ticket Guidelines
NEW QUESTION # 28
Which command will display all the current operational settings configured on a Cisco router?
- A. show running-config
- B. show startup-config
- C. show version
- D. show protocols
Answer: A
Explanation:
Router
Theshow running-configcommand is used on a Cisco router to display the current operational settings that are actively configured in the router's RAM. This command outputs all the configurations that are currently being executed by the router, which includes interface configurations, routing protocols, access lists, and other settings. Unlikeshow startup-config, which shows the saved configuration that the router will use on the next reboot,show running-configreflects the live, current configuration in use.
References:= The information is supported by multiple sources that detail the use of Cisco commands, particularly theshow running-configcommand as the standard for viewing the active configuration on a Cisco device123.
* show running-config: This command displays the current configuration running on the router. It includes all the operational settings and configurations applied to the router.
* show protocols: This command shows the status of configured protocols on the router but not the entire configuration.
* show startup-config: This command displays the configuration saved in NVRAM, which is used to initialize the router on startup, but not necessarily the current running configuration.
* show version: This command provides information about the router's software version, hardware components, and uptime but does not display the running configuration.
References:
* Cisco IOS Commands: Cisco IOS Commands
NEW QUESTION # 29
For each statement about bandwidth and throughput, select True or False.
Note: You will receive partial credit for each correct selection.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
* Statement 1: Low bandwidth can increase network latency.
* True: Low bandwidth can result in increased network latency because the network may become congested, leading to delays in data transmission.
* Statement 2: High levels of network latency decrease network bandwidth.
* False: High levels of network latency do not decrease the available network bandwidth, but they do affect the perceived performance and throughput of the network.
* Statement 3: You can increase throughput by decreasing network latency.
* True: Decreasing network latency can increase throughput because data can be transmitted more quickly and efficiently without delays.
* Bandwidth vs. Latency: Bandwidth refers to the maximum rate at which data can be transferred over a network path. Latency is the time it takes for a data packet to travel from the source to the destination.
* Low bandwidth can cause network congestion, which can increase latency as packets wait to be transmitted.
* High latency does not reduce the actual bandwidth but can affect the overall performance and efficiency of data transmission.
* Reducing latency can lead to higher throughput because the network can handle more data in a given period without delays.
References:
* Network Performance Metrics: Cisco Network Performance
* Understanding Bandwidth and Latency: Bandwidth vs. Latency
NEW QUESTION # 30
Which component of the AAA service security model provides identity verification?
- A. Accounting
- B. Auditing
- C. Authentication
- D. Authorization
Answer: C
Explanation:
The AAA service security model consists of three components: Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting.
*Authentication: This is the process of verifying the identity of a user or device. It ensures that only legitimate users can access the network or service.
*Authorization: This determines what an authenticated user is allowed to do or access within the network.
*Auditing/Accounting: This component tracks the actions of the user, including what resources they access and what changes they make.
Thus, the correct answer is C. Authentication.
References :=
*Cisco AAA Overview
*Understanding AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting)
NEW QUESTION # 31
Which standard contains the specifications for Wi-Fi networks?
- A. IEEE 802.11
- B. GSM
- C. LTE
- D. IEEE 802.3
- E. EIA/TIA 568A
Answer: A
Explanation:
The IEEE 802.11 standard contains the specifications for Wi-Fi networks. It is a set of media access control (MAC) and physical layer (PHY) specifications for implementing wireless local area network (WLAN) computer communication in various frequencies, including but not limited to 2.4 GHz, 5 GHz, and 6 GHz1.
This standard is maintained by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) and is commonly referred to as Wi-Fi. The standard has evolved over time to include several amendments that improve speed, range, and reliability of wireless networks.
References :=
*The Most Common Wi-Fi Standards and Types, Explained
*802.11 Standards Explained: 802.11ax, 802.11ac, 802.11b/g/n, 802.11a
*Wi-Fi Standards Explained - GeeksforGeeks
NEW QUESTION # 32
You purchase a new Cisco switch, turn it on, and connect to its console port. You then run the following command:
For each statement about the output, select True or False.
Note: You will receive partial credit for each correct selection.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
* The two interfaces are administratively shut down:
* False: The output does not show any "shutdown" command under the interfaces, which would indicate that they are administratively shut down. Therefore, they are likely in their default state, which is administratively up.
* The two interfaces have default IP addresses assigned:
* False: The output does not show any IP address configuration. In the default state, interfaces do not have IP addresses assigned unless explicitly configured.
* The two interfaces can communicate over Layer 2:
* True: By default, interfaces on a switch are Layer 2 interfaces capable of forwarding Ethernet frames. As there is no configuration provided that changes this, it can be assumed they can communicate over Layer 2.
* Interface Status: The absence of the "shutdown" command means the interfaces are not administratively shut down.
* IP Address Assignment: There is no evidence in the output that IP addresses have been assigned to the interfaces, which would typically be shown as "ip address" entries.
* Layer 2 Communication: Switch interfaces in their default state operate at Layer 2, enabling them to forward Ethernet frames and participate in Layer 2 communication.
References:
* Cisco IOS Interface Configuration: Cisco Interface Configuration
* Understanding Cisco Switch Interfaces: Cisco Switch Interfaces
NEW QUESTION # 33
Which information is included in the header of a UDP segment?
- A. MAC addresses
- B. IP addresses
- C. Sequence numbers
- D. Port numbers
Answer: D
Explanation:
The header of a UDP (User Datagram Protocol) segment includesport numbers. Specifically, it contains the source port number and the destination port number, which are used to identify the sending and receiving applications. UDP headers do not include IP addresses or MAC addresses, as those are part of the IP and Ethernet frame headers, respectively.Additionally, UDP does not use sequence numbers, which are a feature of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) for ensuring reliable delivery of data segments1.
References:=
* Segmentation Explained with TCP and UDP Header
* User Datagram Protocol (UDP) - GeeksforGeeks
* Which three fields are used in a UDP segment header
* UDP Header: The header of a UDP segment includes the following key fields:
* Source Port: The port number of the sending application.
* Destination Port: The port number of the receiving application.
* Length: The length of the UDP header and data.
* Checksum: Used for error-checking the header and data.
* IP Addresses: These are included in the IP header, not the UDP header.
* Sequence Numbers: These are part of the TCP header, not UDP.
* MAC Addresses: These are part of the Ethernet frame header and are not included in the UDP header.
References:
* RFC 768 - User Datagram Protocol: RFC 768
* Cisco Guide on UDP: Cisco UDP Guide
NEW QUESTION # 34
Examine the following output:
Which two conclusions can you make from the output of the tracert command? (Choose 2.) Note: You will receive partial credit for each correct answer.
- A. The IPv6 address associated with the www.cisco.com server is 2600:1408: c400: 38d: : b33.
- B. The trace successfully reached the www.cisco.com server.
- C. The trace failed after the fourth hop.
- D. The routers at hops 5 and 6 are offline.
- E. The device sending the trace has IPv6 address 2600:1408:c400:38d :: b33.
Answer: A,B
Explanation:
*Statement A: "The trace successfully reached the www.cisco.com server." This is true as indicated by the
"Trace complete" message at the end, showing that the trace has reached its destination.
*Statement C: "The IPv6 address associated with the www.cisco.com server is 2600:1408:c400:38d::b33." This is true because the final hop in the trace, which is the destination, has this IPv6 address.
*Statement B: "The trace failed after the fourth hop." This is incorrect as the trace continues beyond the fourth hop, despite some intermediate timeouts.
*Statement D: "The routers at hops 5 and 6 are offline." This is not necessarily true. The routers might be configured to not respond to traceroute requests.
*Statement E: "The device sending the trace has IPv6 address 2600:1408:c400:38d::b33." This is incorrect; this address belongs to the destination server, not the sender.
References:
*Understanding Traceroute: Traceroute Guide
NEW QUESTION # 35
In the network shown in the following graphic, Switch1 is a Layer 2 switch.
PC-A sends a frame to PC-C. Switch1 does not have a mapping entry for the MAC address of PC-C. Which action does Switch1 take?
- A. Switch1 queries Switch2 for the MAC address of PC-C.
- B. Switch1 drops the frame and sends an error message back to PC-A.
- C. Switch1 sends an ARP request to obtain the MAC address of PC-C.
- D. Switch1 floods the frame out all active ports except port G0/1.
Answer: B
Explanation:
In a network, when a Layer 2 switch (like Switch1) receives a frame destined for a MAC address that is not in its MAC address table, it performs a flooding operation. This means the switch will send the frame out of all ports except the port on which the frame was received. This flooding ensures that if the destination device is connected to one of the other ports, it will receive the frame and respond, allowing the switch to learn its MAC address.
* A. Switch1 queries Switch2 for the MAC address of PC-C: This does not happen in Layer 2 switches; they do not query other switches for MAC addresses.
* A. Switch1 drops the frame and sends an error message back to PC-A: This is not the default behavior for unknown unicast frames.
* D. Switch1 sends an ARP request to obtain the MAC address of PC-C: ARP is used by devices to map IP addresses to MAC addresses, not by switches to find unknown MAC addresses.
Thus, the correct answer is B. Switch1 floods the frame out all active ports except port G0/1.
References:=
* Cisco Layer 2 Switching Overview
* Switching Mechanisms (Cisco)
NEW QUESTION # 36
A support technician examines the front panel of a Cisco switch and sees 4 Ethernet cables connected in the first four ports. Ports 1, 2, and 3 have a green LED. Port 4 has a blinking green light.
What is the state of the Port 4?
- A. Link is up and there is no activity.
- B. Link is up with cable malfunctions.
- C. Link is up and active.
- D. Link is up and not stable.
Answer: C
NEW QUESTION # 37
A user initiates a trouble ticket stating that an external web page is not loading. You determine that other resources both internal and external are still reachable.
Which command can you use to help locate where the issue is in the network path to the external web page?
- A. ipconfig/all
- B. ping -t
- C. tracert
- D. nslookup
Answer: C
Explanation:
The tracert command is used to determine the route taken by packets across an IP network. When a user reports that an external web page is not loading, while other resources are accessible, it suggests there might be an issue at a certain point in the network path to the specific web page. The tracert command helps to diagnose where the breakdown occurs by displaying a list of routers that the packets pass through on their way to the destination. It can identify the network segment where the packets stop progressing, which is valuable for pinpointing where the connectivity issue lies. References := Cisco CCST Networking Certification FAQs - CISCONET Training Solutions, Command Prompt (CMD): 10 network-related commands you should know, Network Troubleshooting Commands Guide: Windows, Mac & Linux - Comparitech, How to Use the Traceroute and Ping Commands to Troubleshoot Network, Network Troubleshooting Techniques: Ping, Traceroute, PathPing.
*tracert Command: This command is used to determine the path packets take to reach a destination. It lists all the hops (routers) along the way and can help identify where the delay or failure occurs.
*ping -t: This command sends continuous ping requests and is useful for determining if a host is reachable but does not provide path information.
*ipconfig /all: This command displays all current TCP/IP network configuration values and can be used to verify network settings but not to trace a network path.
*nslookup: This command queries the DNS to obtain domain name or IP address mapping, useful for DNS issues but not for tracing network paths.
References:
*Microsoft tracert Command: tracert Command Guide
*Troubleshooting Network Issues with tracert: Network Troubleshooting Guide
NEW QUESTION # 38
In the network shown in the following graphic, Switch1 is a Layer 2 switch.
PC-A sends a frame to PC-C. Switch1 does not have a mapping entry for the MAC address of PC-C. Which action does Switch1 take?
- A. Switch1 queries Switch2 for the MAC address of PC-C.
- B. Switch1 drops the frame and sends an error message back to PC-A.
- C. Switch1 sends an ARP request to obtain the MAC address of PC-C.
- D. Switch1 floods the frame out all active ports except port G0/1.
Answer: D
Explanation:
Understanding How Layer 2 Switches Handle Unknown MAC Addresses
Switches operate atLayer 2 (Data Link Layer)of the OSI model and maintain aMAC address table (CAM table)to forward frames efficiently.
* When a switch receives a frame, itchecks its MAC address tableto see if it knows the destination MAC address.
* If the destinationMAC address is not in the table(meaning the switch does not know which port leads to PC-C), the switch follows theflooding behavior.
What Happens When Switch1 Receives a Frame from PC-A to PC-C?
* Switch1 checks its MAC table:
* The source MAC (PC-A) is recorded in the table on portG0/1.
* The destination MAC (PC-C)is not in the table.
* Switch1 does not know where PC-C is:
* Itfloodsthe frame out of allactive ports except the port it was received on (G0/1).
* This means the frame is sent to:
* Switch2 (via G0/23)
* PC-B (via G0/2)
* Switch2 receives the frame and follows the same process:
* If Switch2 has PC-C's MAC in its table, it forwards the frame appropriately.
* If not,it floodsthe frame again until PC-C replies.
* Once PC-C responds, Switch1 and Switch2 learn its MAC address and update their tables.
Why Other Options Are Incorrect:
#A. Switch1 queries Switch2 for the MAC address of PC-C.
* Incorrect:Switches do not query other switches directly for MAC addresses. Instead, they rely on learning MAC addresses dynamically through frame forwarding.
#B. Switch1 drops the frame and sends an error message back to PC-A.
* Incorrect:Switchesdo not drop frames for unknown MAC addresses. Instead, theyfloodthe frames out all ports except the incoming port.
#D. Switch1 sends an ARP request to obtain the MAC address of PC-C.
* Incorrect:
* ARP (Address Resolution Protocol)is only used to resolve IP addresses to MAC addresses.
* Since PC-A issending a frame (Layer 2), not an IP packet (Layer 3), ARP isnot involvedhere.
Conclusion
Since Switch1does not know the destination MAC address, itfloods the frame out all active ports except the port it was received on. This is the default behavior of Layer 2 switches when they encounter an unknown MAC address.
Thus, thecorrect answer is:#C. Switch1 floods the frame out all active ports except port G0/1.
References
* Cisco CCNA 200-301 Official Guide - MAC Address Table & Frame Forwarding
* RFC 894 - Standard for Ethernet Frame Forwarding
* Cisco Networking Essentials - Switch Flooding Behavior
NEW QUESTION # 39
You plan to use a network firewall to protect computers at a small office.
For each statement about firewalls, select True or False.
Note: You will receive partial credit for each correct selection.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
* A firewall can direct all web traffic to a specific IP address.
* True: Firewalls can be configured to perform Network Address Translation (NAT) and port forwarding, which can direct all web traffic (typically on port 80 and 443) to a specific internal IP address.
* A firewall can block traffic to specific ports on internal computers.
* True: Firewalls can be configured with access control lists (ACLs) or rules to block traffic to specific ports on internal computers, enhancing security by restricting unwanted or harmful traffic.
* A firewall can prevent specific apps from running on a computer.
* False: Firewalls typically control traffic flow and do not prevent specific applications from running on a computer. Application control is usually managed by endpoint security software or application control systems.
* Directing Web Traffic: Firewalls can manage traffic redirection using NAT and port forwarding rules to route web traffic to designated servers or devices within the network.
* Blocking Specific Ports: Firewalls can enforce security policies by blocking or allowing traffic based on port numbers, ensuring that only permitted traffic reaches internal systems.
* Application Control: While firewalls manage network traffic, preventing applications from running typically requires software specifically designed for endpoint protection and application management.
References:
* Understanding Firewalls: Firewall Capabilities
* Network Security Best Practices: Network Security Guide
NEW QUESTION # 40
Which device protects the network by permitting or denying traffic based on IP address, port number, or application?
- A. Firewall
- B. Access point
- C. VPN gateway
- D. Intrusion detection system
Answer: A
Explanation:
* Firewall: A firewall is a network security device that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. It permits or denies traffic based on IP addresses, port numbers, or applications.
* Access Point: This is a device that allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network using Wi-Fi.
It does not perform traffic filtering based on IP, port, or application.
* VPN Gateway: This device allows for secure connections between networks over the internet, but it is not primarily used for traffic filtering based on IP, port, or application.
* Intrusion Detection System (IDS): This device monitors network traffic for suspicious activity and policy violations, but it does not actively permit or deny traffic.
References:
* Understanding Firewalls: Firewall Basics
NEW QUESTION # 41
Computers in a small office are unable to access companypro.net. You run the ipconfig command on one of the computers. The results are shown in the exhibit.
You need to determine if you can reach the router.
Which command should you use? Complete the command by selecting the correct options from each drop-down lists.
Answer:
Explanation:
Explanation:
To determine if you can reach the router, you should use thepingcommand followed by the IP address of the router. Thepingcommand is a network utility used to test the reachability of a host on an Internet Protocol (IP) network and to measure the round-trip time for messages sent from the originating host to a destination computer.
The Default Gateway in theipconfigresults is typically the router's IP address in a home or small office network. In this case, the Default Gateway is192.168.0.1, which is the address you would ping to check connectivity to the router.
References:=
* How to Use the Ping Command
* Testing Network Connectivity with the Ping Command
To determine if you can reach the router, you should use thepingcommand with the IP address of the router.
* Command:ping
* Target:192.168.0.1
So, the completed command is:
* ping 192.168.0.1
Step by Step Comprehensive and Detailed Explanation:
* ping: The ping command sends ICMP Echo Request messages to the target IP address and waits for an Echo Reply. It is commonly used to test the reachability of a network device.
* 192.168.0.1: This is the IP address of the default gateway (the router) as shown in theipconfigoutput.
Pinging this address will help determine if the computer can communicate with the router.
References:
* Using the ping Command: ping Command Guide
NEW QUESTION # 42
A user reports that a company website is not available. The help desk technician issues a tracert command to determine if the server hosting the website isreachable over the network. The output of the command is shown as follows:
What can you tell from the command output?
- A. Requests to the web server at 192.168.1.10 are being delayed and time out.
- B. The server address 192.168.1.10 is being blocked by a firewall on the router at hop 3.
- C. The server with the address 192.168.1.10 is reachable over the network.
- D. The router at hop 3 is not forwarding packets to the IP address 192.168.1.10.
Answer: C
Explanation:
The tracert command output shows the path taken to reach the destination IP address, 192.168.1.10. The command output indicates:
*Hops 1 and 2 are successfully reached.
*Hop 3 times out, meaning the router at hop 3 did not respond to the tracert request. However, this does not necessarily indicate a problem with forwarding packets, as some routers may be configured to block or not respond to ICMP requests.
*Hops 4 and 5 are successfully reached, with hop 5 being the destination IP 192.168.1.10, indicating that the server is reachable.
Thus, the correct answer is C. The server with the address 192.168.1.10 is reachable over the network.
References :=
*Cisco Traceroute Command
*Understanding Traceroute
The tracert command output indicates that the server with the address 192.168.1.10 is reachable over the network. The asterisk (*) at hop 3 suggests that the probe sent to that hop did not return a response, which could be due to a variety of reasons such as a firewall blocking ICMP packets or the router at that hop being configured not to respond to ICMP requests. However, since the subsequent hops (4 and 5) are showing response times, it means that the packets are indeed getting through and the server is reachable12.
References :=
*How to Use Traceroute Command to Read Its Results
*How to Use the Tracert Command in Windows
NEW QUESTION # 43
......
Cisco CCST-Networking Exam Syllabus Topics:
| Topic | Details |
|---|---|
| Topic 1 |
|
| Topic 2 |
|
| Topic 3 |
|
CCST-Networking Free Sample Questions to Practice One Year Update: https://www.newpassleader.com/Cisco/CCST-Networking-exam-preparation-materials.html
Download CCST-Networking exam with Cisco CCST-Networking Real Exam Questions: https://drive.google.com/open?id=1ZwhoCS0b4GmtOBY0kYAMqdbxw5mUk-LA